<html><head></head><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_60722"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_60739">There are many ethnographic references for the Hurons and Iroquois (see Parker and Waugh below) who used hoes made from deer scapulas as well as cervid antler (deer or moose). Thomas Hariot made a similar observation in Virginia and among the Delawares. Archaeological evidence are scant though.</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_60760"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62329"> </div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62399">
</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62414" style="margin-left:42.55pt;text-align:justify;"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62415" style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue Light"">Parker, A. C.</span></div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62416" style="margin-left:42.55pt;text-align:justify;"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62417" style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue Light"">1910<span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62418" style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><i id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62419" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food
Plants. </i>Bulletin No 144. Albany: New York State Museum.</span></div><div dir="ltr">
</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62330">
</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62371" style="margin-left:42.55pt;text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62372" style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue Light"">Waugh, F. W.</span></div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62373" style="margin-left:42.55pt;text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62374" style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue Light"">1916<span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62375" style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><i id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62376" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Iroquois
Foods and Food Preparation. </i>Memoir No 86, Anthropological Series No 12.
Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada.</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62426" style="margin-left:42.55pt;text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62374" style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue Light""><br></span></div><div style="margin-left:42.55pt;text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62374" style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue Light""><br></span></div><div dir="ltr">
</div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_60761" class="signature"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429623001091_14059" dir="ltr"><b id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429623001091_14084">Christian Gates St-Pierre</b><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_60762" dir="ltr">Professeur adjoint<br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429623001091_14071" dir="ltr">Département d'anthropologie</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61607" dir="ltr">Université de Montréal<br> C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville<br> Montréal, Québec, Canada<br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61608" dir="ltr">H3C 3J7</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61615" dir="ltr">514-343-6111 #51711<br> </div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61609" class="qtdSeparateBR"><br><br></div><div style="display: block;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61613" class="yahoo_quoted"> <div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61612" style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> <div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61611" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, linéale; font-size: 16px;"> <div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_61610" dir="ltr"> <font id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62379" face="Arial" size="2"> <hr size="1"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">De :</span></b> Justin Bradfield <jbradfield8@gmail.com><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">À :</span></b> bonetools@listserv.niif.hu <br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Envoyé le :</span></b> lundi 22 août 2016 7h56<br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Objet :</span></b> [Bonetools] Bone scapula hoes<br> </font> </div> <div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62386" class="y_msg_container"><br><div id="yiv3158931011"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62385" dir="ltr"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62384"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62383"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62382"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62381"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471866702631_62380">Dear WBRG members<br><br></div>I'm looking for any references to bone hoes, particularly ones made from scapulas. <br><br></div>I've managed to find quite a few examples from the Plains Indians, but none of them have included a use-wear study. <br><br></div>Any information you have will be appreciated. <br><br></div>Thanks<br><br></div>Justin<br clear="all"><div><div><div><div><div><div><br>-- <br><div class="yiv3158931011gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><font color="#3333ff"><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Dr Justin Bradfield, D.Litt. et Phil., L.T.C.L.<br>Post-Doctoral Research Fellow<br>Evolutionary Studies I<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif">nstitute, University of the Witwatersrand</font></font></font></div><div><font color="#3333ff"><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br></font></font></div><font color="#3333ff"><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></font></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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