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<DIV>Dear Christian,</DIV>
<DIV> I recommend you try and find a copy on Abe's list etc. of Ingalik Material Culture by Cornelius Osgood (1940), Yale University Publication in Anthropology #22, New Haven.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Pages 83-90 deal exclusively with beaver jaw and tooth tools. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I have no doubt there are other North American ethnographies that contain equally detailed info. but this one I have in my hand and it has proved unbelievably useful.<BR><BR></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
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<DIV style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase; FONT-FAMILY: 'Open Sans Extrabold','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB" lang=EN-GB>ALICE M. CHOYKE</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><I><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Georgia','serif'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia-Italic" lang=EN-GB>Associate Professor</SPAN></I></DIV>
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<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB>Medieval Studies Department</SPAN></DIV></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB>Nador u. 9, </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB>1051 </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB>Budapest, Hungary</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: OpenSans-Bold" lang=EN-GB>Office</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB>:</SPAN></B><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB> + 36.1.327-3801</SPAN><B><SPAN style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase; FONT-FAMILY: 'OpenSans-Bold','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: OpenSans-Bold" lang=EN-GB> </SPAN></B><A href="mailto:choyke@ceu.hu" moz-do-not-send="true"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB><FONT color=#0000ff>choyke@ceu.hu</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB> <SPAN style="COLOR: #009acd">|</SPAN> </SPAN><A href="http://www.ceu.hu/" moz-do-not-send="true"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB><FONT color=#0000ff>www.ceu.hu</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB> <SPAN style="COLOR: #009acd">|</SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="COLOR: #009acd"><A href="http://www.wbrg.net/">www.wbrg.net</A> <SPAN style="COLOR: #009acd">| <FONT color=#009933><A href="http://www.imareal.sbg.ac.at/mad/">www.imareal.sbg.ac.at/mad/</A> <SPAN style="COLOR: #009acd">| <A href="http://www.medievalstudies.ceu.hu/">www.medievalstudies.ceu.hu</A></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: OpenSans-Bold" lang=EN-GB>See CEU story</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB>: </SPAN></B><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.youtube.com/ceuhungary" moz-do-not-send="true"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB><FONT color=#0000ff>www.youtube.com/ceuhungary</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Open Sans'" lang=EN-GB> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV>>>> Alice Choyke <choyke@ceu.hu> 12/18/2014 9:10 PM >>><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>And I believe there are several 19th c. <FONT color=#000000><FONT face="normal arial, sans-serif"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12px">ethnographies </SPAN></FONT>t</FONT>hat describe the same thing. I will check my references tomorrow and let you know - thanks for the reminder.
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>Alice</DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_extra><BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Thu, Dec 18, 2014 at 5:49 PM, Margaris, Amy V. <SPAN dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:amy.margaris@oberlin.edu" target=_blank>amy.margaris@oberlin.edu</A>></SPAN> wrote:
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<DIV>Hi Christian,<BR>In response to your first question: there's evidence of indigenous Alutiiq peoples of Alaska using beaver and marmot incisors as carving bits. I don't know if actual use-wear analysis has been done on them though.<BR><BR>For more info, you can go to this website and do a page search for the word "incisor."<BR><A href="http://www.afognak.org/heritage/history/history-intro.php?src=ancient-afognak" target=_blank>http://www.afognak.org/heritage/history/history-intro.php?src=ancient-afognak</A><BR><BR>And here's the reference for Bob Kopperl's dissertation that talks about marmot incisor tools as the Rice Ridge site, specifically:<BR>Kopperl, Robert E.<BR>2003 Cultural Complexity and Resource Intensification on Kodiak Island, Alaska. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.<BR><BR></DIV>Hope this helps!<BR></DIV>Amy<BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_extra><BR>
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<DIV class=h5>On Wed, Dec 17, 2014 at 4:34 PM, Christian Gates St-Pierre <SPAN dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:cgates70@yahoo.fr" target=_blank>cgates70@yahoo.fr</A>></SPAN> wrote:</DIV></DIV>
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<DIV dir=ltr>Hello everyone,</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>I have three questions for the price of one!</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>First: does anyone know about some use-wear analysis on bone tools made out of beaver incisors? (beside Parmigiani & Alvarez-Soncini [2014], of which I already have a copy).</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Second: does anyone have a pdf copy of the following (it is not available through our network of North American university libraries, and I can't find it on the web): <B>Pétrequin & Rachez (1997), «Un biseau naturel: l'incisive de castor», in <I>Les sites littoraux néolithqiues de Clarivaux et de Chalain (Jura), III, Chalain station 3, 3200-2900 av. J.C.</I></B> (published by the Maison des sciences de l'Homme, in Paris)?</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Third: does anyone know about some recent publications dealing with the use of heat (fire) as a technique of hardening (and darkening) bone materials/bone tools, especially in opposition to the total carbonisation of bones which will have the opposing effect (i.e. weakening the bone structure and triggering it's fragmentation)? I know of some «old» references (pre-year 2000), but I was wondering if there was some more recent publications on this precise subject?<BR><BR>Any help regarding anyone of these queries would be greatly appreciated!<BR><BR>Thanks in advance and Happy Holidays to all!<BR><BR>Christian<BR><BR><BR><B>Christian Gates St-Pierre</B>, PhD<BR>Invited Researcher<BR>Département d'anthropologie<BR>Université de Montréal<BR><A href="mailto:christian.gates-st-pierre@umontreal.ca" target=_blank>christian.gates-st-pierre@umontreal.ca</A></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: HelveticaNeue,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,Lucida Grande,linéale; FONT-SIZE: 16px"></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV><BR></DIV></DIV><SPAN>_______________________________________________<BR>Bonetools mailing list<BR><A href="mailto:Bonetools@listserv.niif.hu" target=_blank>Bonetools@listserv.niif.hu</A><BR><A href="https://listserv.niif.hu/mailman/listinfo/bonetools" target=_blank>https://listserv.niif.hu/mailman/listinfo/bonetools</A><BR><BR></SPAN></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><SPAN class=HOEnZb><FONT color=#888888><BR clear=all><BR>-- <BR>
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<DIV>Amy V. Margaris <BR>Assistant Professor of Anthropology<BR>Oberlin College<BR><BR>Fall 2014 Office Hours: <BR>MWF 3:30-4:30 or by appointment<BR></DIV></DIV>King 302<BR>
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