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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Dear Leigh,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I don’t think this is a deliberately made scoop or but
that it is a component of something more complex. I think this shape has
been formed by wear from the bone being held under pressure against a hard
rotating object, such as a rod, spindle or axel in a machine. I
would guess that when the bone was worn through at one end (the broken end) it
was simply turned around and the second ‘scooped’ area was
formed. What is the diameter of the circle that has produced this arc? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>You might use a device like this in two ways. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>It could be used to keep a rotating rod located - unlashing
the bone would then allow you to remove and or replace the rod. Anyone ever seen
anything like this in a wood turning lathe for instance? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'> Alternatively it could be used to act as a brake. In
this case, by increasing the pressure with which the bone bore on the rod
or spindle you could increase frictional drag and reduce the rotational speed
of the spindle and, therefore, the speed of the machine you were operating.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>It looks like the end of the bone has some polish from handling
which would make me think that the brake idea fits best and that the pressure
was applied manually. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Is there any surface evidence to suggest that the bone had been
lashed to something. Can we have any pictures of the other side and the
ends?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>All the best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Sonia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:72.0pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Dr Sonia O'Connor FSA FIIC
ACR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:72.0pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Archaeological Sciences<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:72.0pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Division of AGES,
University of Bradford<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:72.0pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7
1DP, UK<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:72.0pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:72.0pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>tel 01274 23 6498 (office)
5210 (lab)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:72.0pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>fax 01274 23 5210<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> bonetools-bounces@listserv.niif.hu
[mailto:bonetools-bounces@listserv.niif.hu] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Alice Choyke<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 19 March 2010 13:23<br>
<b>To:</b> Mailing list for archaeologists of the research group for the study
of object and waste of bone, antler. ivory and horn.<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Bonetools] Mystery bone object<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Since Leigh is not on the list
you should reply both to her directly and to the list so we can all see what
you have to say about Leigh's mystery tools.<br>
<br>
Alice<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>On Thu, Mar 18, 2010 at 3:00 PM, Leigh Allen <<a
href="mailto:leigh.allen@oxfordarch.co.uk">leigh.allen@oxfordarch.co.uk</a>>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Dear All,<br>
<br>
I am new to this site, so let me briefly introduce myself. I am the Finds
manager at Oxford Archaeology and have been for the last 20 years !! I also
write reports on Medieval/Post Medieval metalwork and worked bone objects. I
have an object from a site that we excavated in Winchester that I would like to
ask you about (see attached photos). It is from a rubble later dated anywhare
from 5th-13th century !<br>
<br>
The cattle metacarpal has a large scoop taken out of the proximal end, the
surface is perfectly smooth and very heavily polished but the rest of the bone
is not. At the distal end, which is damaged, another scoop has been removed but
it is not smoothed or polished to the same degree. Striations in the polished
surfaces indicate a longitudinal direction of wear. The wear is so great and so
regular it would almost imply that it was machine made.<br>
<br>
Any help would be most gratefully received<br>
<br>
Kind regards<br>
<br>
Leigh Allen<br>
<br>
<br>
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